Small Programs and Languages

Small programs are interesting. But I’m also interested in small programming languages. Generally speaking, the smaller the language, the less expressive it is. One of the most well-known, least expressive languages is assembly. Assembly languages are very syntactically and conceptually simple. There’s not much language at all: it’s mostly a rigid sequence of opcode mnemonics. Even with macros, writing in assembly is mostly about understanding the puzzle of a particular CPU’s instruction set architecture, or ISA. (You can prove this by comparing the syntax of assembly for CISC and RISC processors. The puzzle is totally different, while the language remains practically unchanged.) An honorable mention must be made here for SNOBOL, which is kind of like assembly language both for the rigid syntactic reasons listed above and also because it presents a similar control flow challenge. Like a CPU, it only understands jumps and call/return. (In every other way, SNOBOL is wildly different, ... Read full article.