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In my three-plus decades of watching Microsoft, I've seen the company do some truly dumb things. The transition from Windows 10 to Windows 11 deserves a spot at the top of the list. What's most impressive is that the strategy it's been executing is bad for Microsoft's customers, and bad for the company's bottom line. A real lose-lose proposition.
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In 2021, when Microsoft's engineers were putting the finishing touches on what would become Windows 11, the plan was to make it a conventional release that would have allowed most Windows 10 PCs an easy upgrade path. But someone at Microsoft killed that plan, creating a series of headaches that will become exceptionally costly and painful for businesses and consumers at the end of 2025.
And it didn't have to be this way. To understand why, we need to talk about the long history of Microsoft Windows support policies.
Microsoft's 10-year support lifecycle
Since the mid-1990s -- the start of the modern Windows era -- Microsoft has committed to support every new commercial release of Windows for at least 10 years -- five years of mainstream support and five years of extended support. That commitment was formalized a quarter-century ago with the release of Windows 2000; it expanded to officially include consumers in 2012.
And that 10 years was about the operating system, not the hardware. Because of the company's obsessive focus on backward compatibility, you could pretty much count on your PC being able to run the latest version of Windows for at least a dozen years and maybe even 15 years. If you bought a PC with Windows 7 preinstalled in 2010, you were able to upgrade it to Windows 8 in 2012 and then Windows 10 in 2015, and many of those devices are still running Windows 10 productively in 2025.
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That's why it was such a rude shock when Microsoft released Windows 11 in 2021 with a set of unexpectedly rigid hardware restrictions. The requirements were so severe that they blocked upgrades even on PCs that had been purchased new only two or three years before Windows 11 was released. That effectively reduced the support lifecycle to well under 10 years for hundreds of millions of PCs designed and built between 2016 and 2019.
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