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Researchers found that elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations enhance grass growth in savannah ecosystems even under dry conditions. The study suggests that higher CO2 levels help these grasses use water more efficiently, allowing them to sustain productivity during periods of reduced rainfall.
Scientists at the Institute for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine in Beijing grew muscle stem cells from mouse quadriceps into small tissue grafts, called myografts, and implanted them under the skin of the animals' backs. The grafts formed organized, blood-vessel-fed muscle tissue that contracted continuously for months, producing gains in muscle mass, strength and bone density and slowing age-related muscle decline, according to a study published in Nature Aging.
The Fusion Industry Association reports that 46 companies worldwide are working to turn nuclear fusion into a commercial electricity source, alongside others pursuing niche uses like medical isotopes, materials testing and spacecraft propulsion. As of August 1, the electricity-focused firms had collectively raised $14.6 billion from venture capital, private investors, utilities, government grants and data-center operators seeking new power sources.
Country music legend Dolly Parton has died at age 80 following a brief battle with cancer, her representatives announced. Beyond her decade-spanning music career and 10 Grammy wins, Parton was widely recognized for her philanthropic support of medical research, including a $1 million donation that helped fund Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine development at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. She also lent her name, indirectly, to Dolly the sheep, the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
Nature reports that the nuclear power sector is increasingly turning to small modular reactors (SMRs) as a way to overcome the cost overruns and construction delays that have long plagued large-scale nuclear plants. These smaller, factory-built designs promise faster deployment and lower upfront capital costs than traditional gigawatt-scale reactors.
Scientists have outlined a new enzymatic approach that reuses byproducts to synthesize thiophosphate molecules, compounds valued for their applications in chemistry and biology. The method relies on biological catalysts rather than traditional chemical synthesis routes, offering a more sustainable pathway to these materials.
Several companies are developing small nuclear reactors compact enough to be transported by aircraft or shipped in standard containers, each carrying roughly a decade's worth of fuel. Backers envision deploying these units directly from factories to isolated locations like rural Alaska, remote mining operations, or even future space outposts, where conventional power infrastructure is costly or impractical.
Researchers led by Foschi and colleagues, publishing in Nature, developed an artificial-intelligence algorithm called kine that reconstructs continuous, movie-like views of relativistic plasma jets from black holes using sparse observational data. These jets, which blast material at over 98% of the speed of light, have historically been studied only through isolated snapshots, making it hard to trace their evolution over time.
Researchers demonstrated that water drops sitting on various hydrophobic and metallic surfaces can spontaneously build up electrical charge without any external triggering, and that this self-generated charge is sufficient to accelerate corrosion of underlying copper and other metals. The experiments used engineered materials such as PFOTS-coated quartz and ITO glass, Teflon-coated copper, and common items like PVC boards and copper foil tape to show the effect across different surfaces.
Researchers built a two-ion crystal in a Paul trap combining a calcium ion with a single CaOH+ molecular ion, generated by leaking water vapor into the vacuum chamber until a molecule formed. They then used a non-classical 'cat state' of motion, created with a bichromatic laser on the calcium ion, to detect the tiny photon recoil from the molecule absorbing infrared light—effectively performing infrared absorption spectroscopy on one single polyatomic molecular ion.
Researchers extracted high molecular weight DNA from 15 sperm samples donated by 13 men from the TwinsUK cohort and an external biobank, using a modified extraction protocol designed to break down the tightly packed protamine structure of sperm DNA. Applying long-read sequencing to these samples, the team identified evidence of gene conversion occurring before meiosis, a genetic recombination process not previously well characterized at this resolution in sperm cells.
Researchers used a dual-site two-photon microscope to simultaneously track pons-projecting premotor cortical neurons (L5PTs) and cerebellar granule cells (GrCs) across mice performing two different tasks, virtual reality navigation and a reaching task. They found both cell types could be reliably tracked across days and contexts, with granule cell activity patterns reorienting cortical population trajectories to keep the two behavioral contexts distinct.