The COP30 climate meeting in Brazil is being framed as a ‘conference of implementation’, with the emphasis shifting from making new pledges to fulfilling existing climate commitments by boosting the transition to green energy. As your News feature highlights, China, Brazil and India have made rapid advances in this area (see Nature 647, 20–23; 2025). However, this progress includes the development of large hydropower projects in ecologically fragile regions such as the Himalayas and the Amazon rainforest.
Nature 647, 592 (2025)
doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-03781-3
Competing Interests The authors declare no competing interests.
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