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Therapeutic mitochondria transplants made more efficient with targeting tool

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Why This Matters

The development of the MitoCatch targeting system marks a significant advancement in mitochondrial therapy, offering new hope for treating mitochondrial-related diseases like LHON and potentially other conditions linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. This innovation could lead to more effective treatments, improving patient outcomes and transforming approaches to neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases in the tech-driven biomedical field.

Key Takeaways

Nearly all mammalian cell types use organelles called mitochondria to harvest energy from nutrients and manufacture molecules that cells need to maintain their health1. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a feature of many diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and cancer. It is also the main cause of primary mitochondrial diseases, such as a vision-loss disorder known as Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Writing in Nature, Ayupov et al.2 report the development of a protein-based targeting system called MitoCatch that delivers healthy mitochondria to damaged LHON neurons, improving neuronal health and survival.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-026-00910-4

References Monzel, A. S., Enríquez, J. A. & Picard, M. Nature Metab. 5, 546–562 (2023). Ayupov, T. et al. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10391-0 (2026). Borcherding, N. & Brestoff, J. R. Nature 623, 283–291 (2023). Brestoff, J. R. et al. Nature Metab. 7, 53–67 (2025). Jacoby, E. et al. Sci. Transl Med. 14, eabo3724 (2022). Nakai, R. et al. Nature Metab. 6, 1886–1896 (2024). Lin, R.-Z. et al. Nature 629, 660–668 (2024). Rosina, M. et al. Cell Metab. 34, 533–548 (2022). Nicolás-Ávila, J. A. et al. Cell 183, 94–109 (2020). Borcherding, N. et al. Cell Metab. 34, 1499–1513 (2022). Al Amir Dache, Z., Chevé, M., Dancourt, J. & Lavieu, G. Nature Commun. 16, 9053 (2025). Brestoff, J. R. et al. Cell Metab. 33, 270–282 (2021). Stewart, J. B. & Chinnery, P. F. Nature Rev. Genet. 16, 530–542 (2015). Download references

Competing Interests J.R.B. is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of LUCA Science, Inc.; receives research support from LUCA Science and Edgewise Therapeutics; is a consultant for Columbus Instruments, Inc.; has received royalties from Springer Nature Group and honoraria from Wiley; is an inventor on technology licensed to Columbus Instruments, Inc. with royalty rights; and is an inventor on pending patent applications related to the treatment of metabolic diseases (63/625,555), allergic diseases (US20210128689A1) and mitochondria transfer (018984/US).

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