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Earlier this year, a 23-year-old without any formal mathematics training made headlines by claiming he’d used OpenAI’s ChatGPT to solve one of the “Erdős problems” — a database of challenging conjectures left behind by Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős.
Then, last month, scholars were taken aback when OpenAI claimed its AI had disproved an 80-year-old “unit distance” conjecture, also devised by Erdős.
“This marks the first time AI has autonomously solved a prominent open problem central to a field of mathematics,” OpenAI boasted at the time.
But whether the frontier AI models powering tools like ChatGPT really represent a major leap in our ability to solve problems that have been plaguing mathematicians for decades remains hotly debated among experts.
In perhaps the strongest public rebuke yet, a new declaration signed by over 150 mathematics experts from around the world warned governments not to “believe the hype” when it comes to AI’s capabilities to solve complex mathematical problems, throwing cold water on claims of a revolution in the field.
In a statement accompanying the 11-page “Leiden Declaration on AI and Mathematics,” International Mathematical Union vice president Ulrike Tillmann argued that AI “raises questions that cannot be left unexamined.”
“The future of mathematical research must be guided by human judgment, fair and transparent practices, and the shared values of the global mathematical community,” Tillmann said.
“There is currently a strong commercial incentive on the part of the technology industry to overstate the capabilities of their products,” the declaration reads, advising policymakers to “consult with experts, including mathematicians, in forming policy decisions rather than relying on press releases or popular reporting of mathematical results.”
Worse yet, AI models may produce convincing-sounding solutions that don’t actually withstand scrutiny.
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