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10 June 2026 Light slows down carbon nanotubes in water Water-suspended carbon nanotubes move more slowly in green light, suggesting that excited electrons in the tubes couple to the water through ‘quantum friction’. By Nikita Kavokine ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-7996 0 Nikita Kavokine Nikita Kavokine is in the Quantum Plumbing Lab, EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland. View author publications PubMed Google Scholar
“God made the bulk; the surface was invented by the devil.” This statement, attributed to the Nobel prizewinning physicist Wolfgang Pauli, who died in 1958, is perhaps even more on point today than it was during his lifetime. Condensed-matter theory can predict material properties in the interior, or bulk, of most conventional solids and liquids. But when it comes to their interfaces, surprisingly little is known: in particular, the nature of liquid–solid friction — in which energy is dissipated by liquid flowing over a solid — still puzzles researchers. Writing in Nature, Kistwal et al.1 report that when the liquid is water, the solid is a carbon nanotube and light shines on the system, the frictional-energy dissipation seems to involve subtle quantum effects.
doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-026-01701-7
References Kistwal, T. et al. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10632-2 (2026). Ackermann, J., Metternich, J. T., Herbertz, S. & Kruss, S. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 61, e202112372 (2022). Kavokine, N., Bocquet, M.-L. & Bocquet, L. Nature 602, 84–90 (2022). Coquinot, B., Bocquet, L. & Kavokine, N. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 121, e2411613121 (2024). Download references
Competing Interests The author declares no competing interests.
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