GoKawiilAuthor notes
These authors contributed equally: Dezhi Zhou, Bohan Dou
Authors and Affiliations
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Dezhi Zhou (周德志), Bohan Dou (窦博瀚), Shiyuan Fan (范世缘), Hon Son Ooi (黃鸿森), Kai Han (韩凯), Xuening Zhang (张雪凝), Chuqian Wang (王楚芊), Yuzhi Guo (郭禹志), Qiang He (何强) & Liliang Ouyang (欧阳礼亮) Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Organ Biofabrication and Regenerative Repair, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Dezhi Zhou (周德志), Bohan Dou (窦博瀚), Shiyuan Fan (范世缘), Hon Son Ooi (黃鸿森), Kai Han (韩凯), Xuening Zhang (张雪凝), Chuqian Wang (王楚芊), Yuzhi Guo (郭禹志) & Liliang Ouyang (欧阳礼亮) Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Dezhi Zhou (周德志), Bohan Dou (窦博瀚), Shiyuan Fan (范世缘), Hon Son Ooi (黃鸿森), Kai Han (韩凯), Xuening Zhang (张雪凝), Chuqian Wang (王楚芊), Yuzhi Guo (郭禹志) & Liliang Ouyang (欧阳礼亮) State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Dezhi Zhou (周德志), Bohan Dou (窦博瀚), Shiyuan Fan (范世缘), Hon Son Ooi (黃鸿森), Kai Han (韩凯), Xuening Zhang (张雪凝), Chuqian Wang (王楚芊), Yuzhi Guo (郭禹志), Qiang He (何强) & Liliang Ouyang (欧阳礼亮) Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Dezhi Zhou (周德志), Bohan Dou (窦博瀚), Shiyuan Fan (范世缘), Hon Son Ooi (黃鸿森), Kai Han (韩凯), Xuening Zhang (张雪凝), Chuqian Wang (王楚芊), Yuzhi Guo (郭禹志) & Liliang Ouyang (欧阳礼亮) Human Organ Physiopathology Emulation System, State Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Yilong He (何亦龙), Heng Liu (刘恒) & Qi Gu (顾奇) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Yilong He (何亦龙) & Qi Gu (顾奇) Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Liping Chen (陈丽萍) & Haitao Wu (吴海涛) Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China Heng Liu (刘恒) School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Jie Na (那洁) State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Jie Na (那洁)
Contributions
L.O. conceived the original idea of SHIFT. D.Z., B.D. and L.O. conceived and designed the study. D.Z. established the core SHIFT-printing workflow, developed the modular strategy for SHIFT printing, explored mechanical enhancement, conceived its application to skeletal muscle tissue engineering and performed corresponding experiments, data analysis and validation. B.D. established the SHIFT-spinning workflow, the theoretical model of the SHIFT phenomenon, conceived the application of SHIFT-spun microfibres to microvasculature formation and performed corresponding experiments, data analysis and validation. D.Z. and B.D. contributed equally to this work. S.F. explored electrical enhancement, conceived the application of SHIFT-printed scaffolds to peripheral nerve regeneration and performed corresponding experiments, data analysis and validation. H.S.O. conceived the application of SHIFT-spun microfibres to iPSC spheroid culture and organoid induction and performed corresponding experiments, data analysis and validation. S.F. and H.S.O. contributed equally to this work. K.H. performed experiments, including SHIFT-printing parameter optimization, generation of microgels and microfibres and printed structure imaging. Y.H. performed experiments encompassing VML animal model construction, skeletal muscle regeneration implantations and animal data collection. X.Z. carried out experimental work encompassing microgel and microfibre fabrication, immunofluorescent staining and imaging, as well as cell culture procedures. C.W. performed experiments on SHIFT-printing parameter optimization and contributed to visualization. Y.G. performed experiments, including microgel generation and workflow optimization. L.C. contributed to the peripheral nerve regeneration characterization. H.L. contributed to the establishment of the VML animal model and implantation. J.N. provided iPSCs and contributed to the iPSC culture workflow. Q.H. contributed to the theoretical analysis. H.W. contributed to the peripheral nerve regeneration characterization and discussion. Q.G. contributed to the skeletal muscle tissue regeneration experiments and characterization. L.O. conceptualized the study, administrated the project, supervised the students, secured funding and acted as the corresponding author for this publication. D.Z., B.D. and L.O. drafted the manuscript. D.Z. and B.D. completed the majority of data analysis, data presentation and figure visualization. D.Z., B.D., S.F., H.S.O., X.Z. and Y.G. participated in dataset validation and cross-verification. All authors reviewed and commented on the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Correspondence to Liliang Ouyang (欧阳礼亮).