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Lawyer fined $5K over AI-hallucinated witnesses in a murder case

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Why This Matters

A state supreme court sanctioned a lawyer for submitting an appellate brief containing witnesses and testimony invented by ChatGPT in a murder case, underscoring that AI hallucinations are now producing real legal consequences in high-stakes criminal proceedings. It's another data point that professionals are deploying generative tools without understanding their failure modes, and courts are losing patience.

Key Takeaways

New Mexico’s Supreme Court is punishing a lawyer for including AI-fabricated witnesses and fake police testimony in an appeal for his client’s murder conviction, according to a report from Reuters . In a filing on Wednesday , the court fined Stephen Aarons $5,000 and held him in contempt for failing to “verify the factual claims and legal authority in his AI-generated brief.”

The filing says the brief “contained false testimony from wholly fabricated witnesses,” along with “false testimony” about the shooter’s clothing and appearance. Justice C. Shannon Bacon questioned how Aarons wasn’t aware of the risks posed by AI during an August hearing, where he admitted to using ChatGPT and thinking it would generate a “bulletproof summary” of the trial. “Counsel, do you watch the news? Do you ​listen to the radio? Do you read anything about what’s going on in the world?” Justice Bacon said, according to Reuters. “Because the problem with ​lawyers relying on AI hallucinations is an above-the-fold story every single day.”