The Hoyle State (2021)
Nuclear physics is complicated compared to atomic physics, because the strong force is complicated compared to the electromagnetic force, and nucleons—protons and neutrons—are bag-like groupings of quarks and gluons held together by the strong force. They resemble elastic bags that attract each other. They jostle each other in the nucleus… governed by the rules of quantum mechanics. To begin to understand such a complex thing as a nucleus, people started with approximate models. In 1930 George