GoKawiilIn vivo CAR-T therapy shows early promise for multiple sclerosis in small trial
A phase of clinical testing involving sixteen patients with multiple sclerosis and related autoimmune disorders showed symptom improvement after researchers used a modified virus to instruct T cells inside the body to produce chimeric antigen receptors, targeting the B cells responsible for autoimmune attacks. The findings, published this week in The New England Journal of Medicine, mark one of the first demonstrations that CAR-T therapy can be generated directly inside a patient rather than engineered in a lab and reinfused.
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Conventional CAR-T treatments require extracting, editing and reinfusing a patient's cells, a costly and slow process currently used mainly for blood cancers and being tested for lupus. An in-body version could make this powerful immune therapy cheaper, faster and more accessible for autoimmune diseases, though experts caution the small trial size means efficacy and long-term safety remain unproven.
- Sixteen patients with MS and other autoimmune conditions showed improved symptoms after in vivo CAR-T treatment.
- The therapy uses a modified virus to generate CAR-equipped T cells inside the body, avoiding lab-based cell engineering.
- Researchers call the results an encouraging proof-of-concept but stress they are not yet definitive evidence of long-term efficacy.
Source: nature.com — Fieldhouse, 2026-09-03
Published there as: “Immune therapy engineered inside the body eases multiple sclerosis”
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