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1.1.1.1

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Cloudflare halves DNS cache memory, freeing 100TB across 1.1.1.1 network

Cloudflare reworked the Rust codebase powering its Big Pineapple DNS caching system, shrinking the average cache entry from 953 bytes to 420 bytes without adding any hardware. The changes—including replacing growable Vec and String types with fixed-size boxed slices and consolidating record storage into a single buffer—cut per-instance memory use from 9.3GB to 5.3GB while also boosting insert speed and lowering lookup latency.

Cloudflare shrinks 1.1.1.1 DNS cache entries to reclaim 100TB of RAM

Cloudflare redesigned how DNS cache entries are stored in memory for its 1.1.1.1 resolver platform, Big Pineapple, cutting each entry's size from 953 bytes to 420 bytes. The changes, detailed by systems engineer Sebastiaan Neuteboom, involved five Rust-level optimizations including fixed-size data structures, merged record lists, and raw wire-format storage instead of padded fields.

Cloudflare cuts DNS cache memory use by 50%, freeing 100TB across 1.1.1.1 fleet

Cloudflare engineers made five successive changes to how DNS cache entries are stored in memory for Big Pineapple, the platform underlying 1.1.1.1 and related DNS services that hold over 250 billion cache entries at once. The changes shrank the per-entry memory footprint by more than half, freeing roughly 100 terabytes across the company's servers while also boosting insert throughput by 43% and cutting lookup latency by 19%.