GoKawiilEurodoc report finds wide PhD stipend gaps across 26 European countries
Eurodoc, a Brussels-based federation of early-career researchers, published the first comparative overview of first-year PhD income across 26 European countries for 2024-25. The report found large disparities in pay structures, with some doctoral candidates on taxed salaries and others on tax-exempt scholarships, and highlighted Scandinavian and Benelux nations as offering comparatively higher remuneration.