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Genetic Engineering

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Researchers advance pig organ transplants to address human organ shortage

Scientists are developing gene-edited pig organs as a potential solution to the chronic shortage of human transplant organs. Researchers involved say the work could fundamentally change how transplantation is practiced if organ scarcity is eliminated.

Stanford researchers grow mice with brains nearly half made of human neurons

Stanford scientists genetically engineered mice lacking a functioning cortex, then implanted human neurons derived from reprogrammed skin cells into the empty space. The transplanted cells multiplied from a few hundred to several million and wired themselves into the mouse brain, with the animals behaving largely normally despite the human tissue making up nearly half their brain volume by some measures. The findings were published in Nature.

Switch Bioworks engineers microbes with a nitrogen-fixing on/off switch for crops

Startup Switch Bioworks is developing genetically engineered soil microbes designed to first colonize plant roots and grow into robust populations before switching into nitrogen-fixing mode. The approach aims to solve a longstanding problem in biological fertilizers: microbes that spend too much energy converting atmospheric nitrogen into usable ammonia often fail to establish themselves around crop roots. Founder Tim Schnabel says the company is testing this genetic switch technology in early cornfield trials.