GoKawiilStudy: Artemis II SLS launch created two 5,000km holes in ionosphere
Researchers at Taiwan's National Cheng Kung University used a ground-based GPS receiver network to analyze the April Artemis II launch, finding it carved two roughly 5,000 km-wide holes in Earth's ionosphere. The disturbance, measured via delays in GPS satellite signals, was reportedly about ten times stronger than disruptions recorded during SpaceX Starship test flights.