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1883 Krakatau eruption became first globally tracked volcanic disaster via telegraph

When Krakatau erupted on August 27, 1883, obliterating most of three islands between Java and Sumatra, telegraph wires carried real-time reports of destruction across the world for the first time. More than 36,000 people died, mostly from tsunamis triggered by the explosion, while sulfur aerosols lofted into the atmosphere cooled Northern Hemisphere summer temperatures by roughly 0.6°C for years afterward.

Explainer traces transistor origins back to 1835 telegraph relays

A technology explainer walks through the history of the transistor, starting with the electric relay invented in 1835 for telegraph systems. It explains how relays used a small current to control a larger one, solving signal-loss problems over long telegraph wires, laying groundwork for the switching logic that transistors would later perform electronically.