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Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) in Notebooks

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) in Notebooks This repository provides a reference implementation for Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) [Paper] framework presented in the RLHF from scratch, step-by-step, in code YouTube video. Overview of RLHF RLHF is a method for aligning large language models (LLMs), like GPT-3 or GPT-2, to better meet users' intents. It is essentially a reinforcement learning approach, where rather than directly getting the reward or feedba

Edible Microlasers Could Revolutionize Food Tracking and Safety

In a delicious turn of events, scientists succeeded in taking the optics of olive oil to create the first-ever microlaser made entirely from edible materials. If commercialized, they could offer an easy and safe way to monitor food or medications from inside your body. The technology, introduced earlier this month in the journal Advanced Optical Materials, exploits an interesting tendency for droplets of common cooking oils, which emit a photon of light when subjected to a certain amount of ene

Apple Didn’t Approve, but Amazon Is Clearing Out AirPods Pro 2 at a Record Low for Prime Day

AirPods Pro 2 are in stores just a year but already they set the benchmark by which other wireless earbuds with active noise cancellation are judged. On the subject of sound quality, nothing else comes close to holding a candle right now. Normally these earbuds cost $249, but Amazon is offering them over 30% off early Prime Day, reducing the price to as low as $169. This deal is for everyone (and not just Prime members) and it is a rarity for an Apple device. Remember, Apple never really offers

GameStop Might've Sold Your Purchase Data to Facebook: How to Claim a Piece of the Settlement

There's still time to claim part of GameStop privacy settlement. Have you bought something from video game retailer GameStop in the past five years? Did you have a Facebook account when you did so? According to an email I received awhile back, that includes me. If it includes you as well, you can claim your own piece of a brewing settlement from the company, and you've still got a few weeks to do so. Last month, GameStop agreed to pay $4.5 million to settle a class action lawsuit accusing it o

Best VPN for Japan: Boost Your Privacy and Unblock Global Streaming Content

Why we like it ExpressVPN is the best overall VPN by CNET and the best VPN for Japan. We like that Express demonstrates a steadfast commitment to privacy and transparency. It’s a safe choice for privacy-conscious VPN users and also a fantastic option for casual users because it’s extremely simple to use, fast and excellent for streaming. ExpressVPN has servers in Osaka, Shibuya, Yokohama and Tokyo locations. In addition to ExpressVPN’s excellent coverage in Japan, there are also servers in 18 d

12 Best Kids Headphones (2025), Hearing Protection and More

Protect Those Headphones Satechi 2-in-1 Headphone Stand Photograph: Julian Chokkattu Even durable headphones are easy to damage. We have lost pairs to folks standing on them, cats and robot vacuums attacking the cables, and chairs rolling over them. I have learned that a stand or holder is worth the investment if it keeps those cans off the floor. Even if your kids only sometimes remember to use it, that could extend the likely lifespan of their headphones. We use the Satechi 2-in-1 Headphone

What a Hacker Stole from Me

Dec 13, 2023 • After a tumultuous year of development, our new myNoise Android app is finally here. This milestone marks not just the culmination of countless hours of hard work but also, most certainly, the start of new challenges. In this extensive blog post, I aim to share insights about our journey – where we are now and how we got here. To enhance clarity, I've included section titles to make it easier for you to skim through the content. The Harsh Reality of Android Development Releasin

July 5, 1687: When Newton explained why you don't float away

The Day the Universe Got Organised (Mostly) People were worried, mostly about everything, but particularly about why things stayed on the ground. Apples fell. Horses galloped. Cannonballs soared (briefly) and came crashing down. But no one was quite sure why the moon didn’t join in and plummet to Earth in the same enthusiastic fashion. And then on July 5, 1687, Isaac Newton published a book with a title so long it felt like a Latin riddle: Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica. In three

Yet Another Zip Trick

To delete account insert your password. After that, a e-mail with deletion confirm link will be send. Click on it to confirm account deletion. You already have a account? and to the I have read and agree to the Do you consent to our site using cookies in accordance to our Privacy Policy? You can consent either to all cookies, or accept only selected types. Reject optional Cache only Allow all cookies Advanced cookie settings

Volunteer finds Holy Grail of abolitionist-era Baptist documents

By MICHAEL CASEY GROTON, Mass. (AP) — Jennifer Cromack was combing through the American Baptist archive when she uncovered a slim box among some 18th and 19th century journals. Opening it, she found a scroll in pristine condition. A closer look revealed the 5-foot-long (1.5-meter-long) document was a handwritten declaration titled “A Resolution and Protest Against Slavery,” signed by 116 New England ministers in Boston and adopted March 2, 1847. Until its discovery in May at the archives in Gr

Injection Rejection (2006)

Matthias Winkelmann's company decided to go the ole' outsourcing route and hand off all development work for a fixed-bid project to a certain overseas company. As it turned out, the hourly rate for certain overseas programmers were less than half that of the in-house folks, so management did the math and figured they could profit that much more. The in-house programmers were told to spend "only a little bit of time" on the project -- no technical advice, no coding assistance, and no even lookin

July 5, 1687: When Newton Explained Why You Don't Float Away

The Day the Universe Got Organised (Mostly) People were worried, mostly about everything, but particularly about why things stayed on the ground. Apples fell. Horses galloped. Cannonballs soared (briefly) and came crashing down. But no one was quite sure why the moon didn’t join in and plummet to Earth in the same enthusiastic fashion. And then on July 5, 1687, Isaac Newton published a book with a title so long it felt like a Latin riddle: Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica. In three

Indie App Spotlight: ‘Sequel’ helps you keep track of your favorite movies and shows

Welcome to Indie App Spotlight. This is a weekly 9to5Mac series where we showcase the latest apps in the indie app world. If you’re a developer and would like your app featured, get in contact. Sequel is an all in one app that makes it easy to keep track of all of the movies, TV shows, books, games, and more that you’d like to follow. It packs an intuitive interface and a number of delightful features to make it the ultimate media manager for your iPhone or iPad. Top features For one, Sequel

A Tesla robotaxi inexplicably drove into a parked car

One of Tesla's fully autonomous robotaxis grazed a parked car after completing a ride recently in Austin, Texas. In a video recorded by YouTuber DirtyTesla, a self-driving Model Y is seen turning and accelerating into a Toyota, making light contact with its tire. As seen in the video, the Model Y already dropped off its passenger, but had trouble navigating out of the dark alleyway afterwards. Tesla's robotaxi service launched in Austin just two weeks ago with a small fleet. According to DirtyT

QSBS Limits Raised

On June 16, 2025, the Senate Finance Committee released its own version of proposed legislation following the House’s passage of the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” (H.R. 1). While the House bill did not introduce any changes to Section[1] 1202 for “qualified small business stock” (QSBS), the Senate Finance proposal introduces significant expansions of the tax benefits of QSBS acquired after the date of the enactment of the final legislation. Summary of Current Law The QSBS exemption allows nonco

Gecode is an open source C++ toolkit for developing constraint-based systems (2019)

2019-09-10 MPG Sources on GitHub The sources for Modeling and Programming with Gecode are now available on GitHub. 2019-04-12 Gecode 6.2.0 Gecode 6.2.0 has been released on April 12th, 2019 (Changelog). 2019-02-14 Gecode 6.1.1 Gecode 6.1.1 has been released on February 14th, 2019 (Changelog). 2018-10-19 Gecode 6.1.0 Gecode 6.1.0 has been released on October 19th, 2018 (Changelog).

Haskell, Reverse Polish Notation, and Parsing

My Side Quest into Haskell, Reverse Polish Notation, and Parsing 26 Jun, 2025 My Journey into Haskell: Building a Reverse Polish Notation Calculator Introduction: A Side Quest In my attempt to get my first paycheck, aka get a job, I have led myself down a fascinating rabbit hole into functional programming, mathematical notation, and parsing theory. This is the story of how I discovered Haskell, tackled reverse Polish notation, and learned about monadic parsing along the way. My journey bega

WinUAE 6 Amiga Emulator

Major update to custom chipset emulation. Internally almost everything in main chipset emulation has been rewritten. Fastest possible/JIT mode chipset timing/sync had major changes which can cause side-effects. Bugs are very possible, especially in very rarely used features. Custom chipset rewrite Custom chipset emulation (Agnus/Alice and Denise/Lisa) almost completely rewritten. Almost every part of chipset emulation is now internally cycle accurate. Custom chipset Denise/Lisa emulation is

The Prime Reasons to Avoid Amazon

Amazon’s now-legendary “Prime Day” is July 8-11. Much like Black Friday or Cyber Monday, this means sales on lots of items on Amazon’s vast marketplace, and as such many people flock to the giant’s website to get sweet deals on everything from computers to small kitchen appliances and more. While many of us are feeling the financial crunch more than ever, I urge you, dear reader, to resist the allure. I don’t typically have strong opinions about where people chose to shop or how they decide to s

Speeding up PostgreSQL dump/restore snapshots

The last few pgstream releases have focused on optimizing snapshot performance, specifically for PostgreSQL targets. In this blog post, we’ll walk through the key improvements we made, share the lessons we learnt, and explain how they led to significant performance gains. But first, some context! What is pgstream? pgstream is an open source CDC(Change Data Capture) tool and library that offers Postgres replication support with DDL changes. Some of its key features include: Replication of DDL

Local-first software (2019)

Martin Kleppmann, Adam Wiggins, Peter van Hardenberg, and Mark McGranaghan. Local-first software: you own your data, in spite of the cloud. 2019 ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and Software (Onward!), October 2019, pages 154–178. doi:10.1145/3359591.3359737 This article has also been published in PDF format in the proceedings of the Onward! 2019 conference . Please cite it as: We share some of our findings from developing local-fi

Google faces EU antitrust complaint over AI Overviews

In Brief A group known as the Independent Publishers Alliance has filed an antitrust complaint with the European Commission over Google’s AI Overviews, according to Reuters. The complaint accuses Google of “misusing web content for Google’s AI Overviews in Google Search, which have caused, and continue to cause, significant harm to publishers, including news publishers in the form of traffic, readership and revenue loss.” It also says that unless they’re willing to disappear from Google searc

Drive Capital’s second act –  how the Columbus venture firm found success after a split

The venture capital world has always had a hot-and-cold relationship with the Midwest. Investors rush in during boom times, then retreat to the coasts when markets turn sour. For Columbus, Ohio-based Drive Capital, this cycle of attention and disinterest played out against the backdrop of its own internal upheaval several years ago — a co-founder split that could have ended the firm but may have ultimately strengthened it. At a minimum, Drive achieved something newsworthy in today’s venture lan

Inside a Utah desert facility preparing humans for life on Mars

Hidden among the majestic canyons of the Utah desert, about 7 miles from the nearest town, is a small research facility meant to prepare humans for life on Mars. The Mars Society, a nonprofit organization that runs the Mars Desert Research Station, or MDRS, invited CNBC to shadow one of its analog crews on a recent mission. "MDRS is the best analog astronaut environment," said Urban Koi, who served as health and safety officer for Crew 315. "The terrain is extremely similar to the Mars terrain

Journalists Just Roasted Sam Altman To His Face

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman got a taste of his own medicine when he went on the New York Times' turf and tried to twist the newspaper's copyright lawsuit against it. As flagged by PG Gamer, the live recording of the NYT's "Hard Fork" podcast — hosted by journalists Kevin Roose and Casey Newton, and featuring as guests Altman and OpenAI's chief operating officer Brad Lightcap — was testy from its start. Almost immediately upon sitting down on the "Hard Fork" stage, the CEO came out punching. "Are yo

Prime Day Deal: Beatbot AquaSense 2 Ultra robotic pool cleaner now 20% off!

Edgar Cervantes / Android Authority Summer should be about relaxation, not scrubbing your pool. Thankfully, Beatbot’s AquaSense 2 Ultra — powered by HybridSense AI pool mapping and eco-friendly ClearWater technology — is now seeing massive Prime Day savings. Get the Beatbot AquaSense 2 Ultra for $2,839 ($711 off) The AquaSense 2 is already one of the best pool cleaners you can buy, but it’s constantly getting better, too. Need a clean pool quickly? The AquaSense 2 Ultra’s newly added AI Quick

Slack now integrates with reMarkable's e-paper tablets

You can now send your reMarkable notes and doodles straight to Slack. The companies have announced Slack integration for reMarkable tablets, letting you send whatever you want from the e-paper device straight to your workplace chat in one tap. "...we realized that when there’s friction between thinking and producing, you risk losing time, ideas, and momentum," reMarkable Chief Technology Officer Nico Cormie said in a statement. By linking the tablet with Slack, there's less friction between comi

Gecode is an open source C++ toolkit for developing constraint-based systems

2019-09-10 MPG Sources on GitHub The sources for Modeling and Programming with Gecode are now available on GitHub. 2019-04-12 Gecode 6.2.0 Gecode 6.2.0 has been released on April 12th, 2019 (Changelog). 2019-02-14 Gecode 6.1.1 Gecode 6.1.1 has been released on February 14th, 2019 (Changelog). 2018-10-19 Gecode 6.1.0 Gecode 6.1.0 has been released on October 19th, 2018 (Changelog).

Local-first software: You own your data, in spite of the cloud

Martin Kleppmann, Adam Wiggins, Peter van Hardenberg, and Mark McGranaghan. Local-first software: you own your data, in spite of the cloud. 2019 ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and Software (Onward!), October 2019, pages 154–178. doi:10.1145/3359591.3359737 This article has also been published in PDF format in the proceedings of the Onward! 2019 conference . Please cite it as: We share some of our findings from developing local-fi

Hell Yeah, ‘Cyberpunk: Edgerunners II’ is Happening

After repeated teases over the past year, Studio Trigger revealed it’s making a sequel to Cyberpunk: Edgerunners, its hit 2022 anime based on Cyberpunk 2077. At the show’s AnimeExpo panel on Friday, returning showrunner Bartoz Sztybor and season one voice actors Zac Aguilar (David Martinez) and Emi Lo (Lucy Kushinada) revealed the new season with a tantalizing poster made by Trigger character designer Ichigo Kanno. The new series is said to be standalone—sorry, season one fans, Sztybor and the