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From Qubits to Qubucks: Quantum Digital Currency

Quantum computing is often discussed in terms of its potential to revolutionize scientific discovery and to challenge cryptographic paradigms [1], but it could also change our relationship with money. By using quantum states, quantum currency could solve the double-spending problem and address throughput issues associated with distributed ledgers (blockchain), paving the way for the digital cash of the future. Digital Banking vs. Digital Currency To understand quantum currency, we should first

You can't test if quantum uses complex numbers

In 2021, Renou et al published the paper “Quantum theory based on real numbers can be experimentally falsified” in Nature. It caused a decent sized splash at the time. A quick search revealed articles in Quanta and Scientific American and APS News, as well as a talk at QIP 2022. In this post, I’m going to explain why the title of the paper is wrong. The Goal Before we get going, I need to warn you away from a common misunderstanding of Renou et al’s claim. Renou et al are NOT claiming that it

IEEE Quantum Week 2025 Breaks Registration Records

ALBUQUERQUE, N.M., 5 September 2025 – IEEE Quantum Week closes today, breaking previous registration records: The conference welcomed 1,700+ registrants eager to immerse themselves in cutting-edge research and practical advances in quantum tech.. In addition, more than 80 exhibitors convened 31 August – 5 September at the Albuquerque Convention Center in Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S., to exhibit their latest quantum applications. “The quantum computing community has made tremendous progress in

The New Math of Quantum Cryptography

The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. Hard problems are usually not a welcome sight. But cryptographers love them. That’s because certain hard math problems underpin the security of modern encryption. Any clever trick for solving them will doom most forms of cryptography. Several years ago, researchers found a radically new approach to encryption that lacks this potential weak spot. The approach exploits the peculiar features of quantum physics. But unlike earlier qua

Quantum computing startup IQM raises $320 million as investors pile into the tech

European startup IQM is aiming to build powerful quantum computers to rival the likes of Google and IBM. Quantum computing firm IQM says it's raised $320 million of fresh funding to ramp up investments in technology and commercial growth. The startup, which is headquartered in Espoo, Finland, was founded in 2018 by a team of scientists with the aim of building powerful quantum computers in Europe like the machines companies such as Google and IBM are building in the U.S. Quantum computers are

Brand new unicorn IQM sets its sights beyond Europe for its quantum computers

Finnish quantum computing startup IQM is now a unicorn: The company just raised more than $300 million in a Series B funding round that was led by Ten Eleven Ventures, a U.S. investment firm focused on cybersecurity. A university spinout, IQM builds quantum computers meant for on-premises installations as well as a cloud platform that taps this hardware. The company has already sold its quantum computers to enterprises in APAC and the U.S., but its strongest market remains Europe. That’s what

Why haven't quantum computers factored 21 yet?

In 2001, quantum computers factored the number 15. It’s now 2025, and quantum computers haven’t yet factored the number 21. It’s sometimes claimed this is proof there’s been no progress in quantum computers. But there’s actually a much more surprising reason 21 hasn’t been factored yet, which jumps out at you when contrasting the operations used to factor 15 and to factor 21. The circuit (the series of quantum logic gates) that was run to factor 15 can be seen in Figure 1b of “Experimental real

Creating a qubit fit for a quantum future

A topological alternative For the team at Nokia Bell Labs, the solution lies in better qubits rather than bigger machines. Specifically, rather than information encoded in individual elementary particles, the team is focused on qubits that hold this same information in the way matter is spatially oriented—what is known as a topological qubit. This alternative approach uses electromagnetic fields to manipulate charges around a supercooled electron liquid, triggering the qubits to switch between

IBM and AMD to work on quantum-centric supercomputing

YORKTOWN HEIGHTS, N.Y. and AUSTIN, Texas, Aug. 26, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Today, IBM (NYSE: IBM) and AMD (NASDAQ: AMD) announced plans to develop next-generation computing architectures based on the combination of quantum computers and high-performance computing, known as quantum-centric supercomputing. AMD and IBM are collaborating to develop scalable, open-source platforms that could redefine the future of computing, leveraging IBM's leadership in developing the world's most performant quantum c

IBM and AMD Join Forces to Build the Future of Computing

YORKTOWN HEIGHTS, N.Y. and AUSTIN, Texas, Aug. 26, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Today, IBM (NYSE: IBM) and AMD (NASDAQ: AMD) announced plans to develop next-generation computing architectures based on the combination of quantum computers and high-performance computing, known as quantum-centric supercomputing. AMD and IBM are collaborating to develop scalable, open-source platforms that could redefine the future of computing, leveraging IBM's leadership in developing the world's most performant quantum c

After falling behind in generative AI, IBM and AMD look to quantum for an edge

In Brief IBM and AMD are partnering to develop next-generation computing architectures that integrate IBM’s quantum systems with AMD’s AI-specialized chips. The move could position both the tech giant and chipmaker as key infrastructure players, as they look to regain ground after falling behind on the generative AI boom. Together, IBM and AMD will attempt to launch a commercially viable quantum computing architecture – one that’s scalable and open-sourced. In other words, it will be more wide

QLED vs. LED: Which Is Better?

Two of the most popular TV technologies are QLED and the Q-less, regular LED. These two technologies are functionally similar, but their performance tends to be quite different. Generally speaking, QLED TVs are typically more expensive (though that price difference has decreased significantly in the last few years), but are also usually brighter and have better colors. It's worth mentioning up front that both QLED and traditional LED TVs are versions of LCD. They both use LCD panels to create a

Topics: dots led qled quantum tvs

Space Force Launching Secretive Experimental Spacecraft With Quantum Equipment on Board

It's serving an important purpose. Quantum of Orbit Less than six months after concluding a year-plus mission in orbit, the Space Force's top-secret X-37B space plane is gearing up for its eighth mission in just over 15 years. As the Orlando Sentinel reports, the enigmatic, Boeing-built spacecraft is set to launch from the Kennedy Space Center’s historic Launch Pad 39A later this evening, carrying some intriguing-sounding scientific equipment with it into orbit. The Space Force, in collabora

Bootstrapping the Future: From Resource Estimation to Quantum Advantage

Quantum Algorithms That Work A central problem in quantum computing is the development of domain-specific algorithms that enable real scientific and economic contributions. Quantum algorithms in numerous domains such as finance, chemistry, physics, and biology are being developed with the intention of achieving quantum advantage, i.e. to derive deeper insights relative to established algorithms on classical machines. But these algorithms are typically evaluated through simulation and/or testing

AI Is Designing Bizarre New Physics Experiments That Actually Work

“LIGO is this huge thing that thousands of people have been thinking about deeply for 40 years,” said Aephraim Steinberg, an expert on quantum optics at the University of Toronto. “They’ve thought of everything they could have, and anything new [the AI] comes up with is a demonstration that it’s something thousands of people failed to do.” Although AI has not yet led to new discoveries in physics, it’s becoming a powerful tool across the field. Along with helping researchers to design experimen

The Download: a quantum radar, and chipmakers’ deal with the US government

Physicists have created a new type of radar that could help improve underground imaging, using a cloud of atoms in a glass cell to detect reflected radio waves. The radar is a type of quantum sensor, an emerging technology that uses the quantum-mechanical properties of objects as measurement devices. It’s still a prototype, but its intended use is to image buried objects in situations such as constructing underground utilities, drilling wells for natural gas, and excavating archaeological sit

OpenSSH Post-Quantum Cryptography

OpenSSH Post-Quantum Cryptography OpenSSH supports a number of cryptographic key agreement algorithms considered to be safe against attacks from quantum computers. We recommend that all SSH connections use these algorithms. OpenSSH has offered post-quantum key agreement (KexAlgorithms) by default since release 9.0 (2022), initially via the sntrup761x25519-sha512 algorithm. More recently, in OpenSSH 9.9, we have added a second post-quantum key agreement mlkem768x25519-sha256 and it was made the

A Special Diamond Is the Key to a Fully Open Source Quantum Sensor

Quantum computing is either a distant dream or an imminent reality depending on whom you ask. And while much of this year's Quantum Village at the Defcon security conference in Las Vegas is focused on emerging research and threat analysis, Village cofounders Victoria Kumaran and Mark Carney are also working to make a currently available quantum technology more accessible to hackers and anyone else. In a main-stage Defcon talk on Saturday, the pair will present an open source and affordable quan

Quantum Computers Are Here and They’re Real. You Just Haven’t Noticed Yet

The promise of quantum computers appears to be that they will upend modern computing as we know it. With exceptional computational power, they’ll be performing feats unimaginable for any classical supercomputer. The reality of quantum computers hasn’t quite lived up to its hype, however. Claims of “quantum advantage”—problems regular computers can’t solve but quantum computers can—draw criticism from both skeptics and enthusiasts in the field. Certainly, we’ve seen genuinely impressive advancem

First-Ever Look at Exploding Molecules Reveals Their Quantum Secrets

In the quantum world, molecules are always on the move. And for the first time ever, scientists have directly captured these tiny quantum dances in action—and they did so by blowing them up real good. Even at absolute zero, individual particles constantly vibrate without a fixed position, a phenomenon referred to as zero-point motion. In a paper published August 7 in Science, researchers at European XFEL harnessed this behavior for the 2-iodopyridine molecule, which consists of 11 atoms. By bla

Using Quantum Annealing To Build Stronger Stock Portfolios

Quantum annealing (QA) has emerged as an effective way to find the optimal solution using a large dataset. While this has applications in an endless variety of use cases, its application in the realm of finance may be one of the fastest ways for researchers to realize a significant ROI in their annealing work. Yao-Hsin Chou, Ching-Hsuan Wu, Pei-Shin Huang, Jyun-Yi Shen, of National Chi Nan University, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Shu-Yu Kuo, Sy-Yen Kuo, of the Nat

How Supercomputing Will Evolve, According to Jack Dongarra

Quantum computing is interesting. It’s really a wonderful area for research, but my feeling is we have a long way to go. Today we have examples of quantum computers—hardware always arrives before software—but those examples are very primitive. With a digital computer, we think of doing a computation and getting an answer. The quantum computer is instead going to give us a probability distribution of where the answer is, and you’re going to make a number of, we’ll call it runs on the quantum comp

New quantum state of matter found at interface of exotic materials

This article has been reviewed according to Science X's editorial process and policies . Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility: Crystal structure and temperature dependence of resistivity of EIO/DTO. Credit: Science Advances (2025). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adr6202 Scientists have discovered a new way that matter can exist—one that is different from the usual states of solid, liquid, gas or plasma—at the interface of two exotic materials made int

Scientists Just Launched the First Quantum Computer Into Space

The world of quantum computing has barged into a new frontier: space. A tiny quantum computer housed in a satellite is now in orbit around Earth, ScienceNews reports, residing some 330 miles above our planet after being launched aboard a SpaceX rocket last month. It's a trailblazing experiment intended to test how well these delicate devices can survive the extreme conditions of space, where they could allow satellites to quickly and efficiently perform intense calculations on their own. The

Twist on Famous Double-Slit Experiment Deals a Blow to Einstein’s Quantum Doubts

Albert Einstein famously disliked quantum theory’s understanding that physical objects, including light, exist as both a particle and a wave, and that this duality could not be simultaneously observed. But a new, simple iteration of a foundational quantum experiment offers the most conclusive, direct evidence yet that Einstein may have been wrong. In a recent paper for Physical Review Letters, MIT scientists successfully replicated the double-slit experiment on the atomic scale, allowing for an

A Quantum Gravimeter for GPS Backup

A novel quantum sensor that measures gravity changes by detecting variations in the travel time of falling atoms has been tested in a first of its kind experiment aboard an Australian naval ship. The sensor—a dual gravimeter—has been developed by Australian company Q-CTRL and could reach the market in late 2026. During the tests onboard the Royal Australian Navy’s aviation training vessel MV Sycamore, the crew was able to navigate for 144 hours without GPS access using the autonomous prototype

Survey of 1,000 Experts Shows Quantum Physicists Still Can’t Agree on Anything

In July 1925—exactly a century ago—famed physicist Werner Heisenberg wrote a letter to his equally famous colleague, Wolfgang Pauli. In it, Heisenberg confesses that his “views on mechanics have become more radical with each passing day,” requesting Pauli’s prompt feedback on an attached manuscript he’s considering whether to “complete…or to burn.” That was the Umdeutung (reinterpretation) paper, which set the foundation for a more empirically verifiable version of quantum mechanics. For that r

After 100 Years of Quantum Mechanics, Physicists Still Can’t Agree on Anything

In July 1925—exactly a century ago—famed physicist Werner Heisenberg wrote a letter to his equally famous colleague, Wolfgang Pauli. In it, Heisenberg confesses that his “views on mechanics have become more radical with each passing day,” requesting Pauli’s prompt feedback on an attached manuscript he’s considering whether to “complete…or to burn.” That was the Umdeutung (reinterpretation) paper, which set the foundation for a more empirically verifiable version of quantum mechanics. For that r

When New Technologies Converge: The Future of Software Engineering

The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and quantum computing unlocks groundbreaking advancements in software engineering. Quantum computing accelerates ML model training, solves complex optimization problems, and enables new AI architectures that classical computing struggles to support. At the same time, AI and ML are crucial in improving quantum error correction, optimizing quantum algorithms, and making quantum systems more accessible for real-world applicatio

Physicists Create First-Ever Antimatter Qubit, Making the Quantum World Even Weirder

Readers following our existential physics coverage may remember a recent breakthrough from CERN concerning matter’s evil twin, antimatter. An outstanding mystery in physics is that our universe contains more matter than antimatter, contradicting most theoretical predictions. Scientists, therefore, understandably want to explain why and how this is the case. CERN announced yet another significant leap for studying antimatter—and this time, the achievement creeps into the realm of quantum computi