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Using information theory to solve Mastermind

news.ycombinator.com Unknown 2025-10-25 14:54:11

How you've just played optimal Mastermind Mastermind is a game all about information. The Code Master selects one of $ 6^4 = 1\,296 $ secret codes. Each incorrect guess gives us information by eliminating some of these; the more codes that are ruled out, the more information that guess has provided. Let's quantify this insight! Suppose a guess gets some response that reduces the number of possible keys from some number $n$ to a smaller $n'<n$. The convention in information theory, a branc

Topics: guess information number possible response

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The first stars may not have been as uniformly massive as we thought

arstechnica.com Unknown 2025-10-29 02:16:33

For decades, astronomers have wondered what the very first stars in the universe were like. These stars formed new chemical elements, which enriched the universe and allowed the next generations of stars to form the first planets. The first stars were initially composed of pure hydrogen and helium, and they were massive—hundreds to thousands of times the mass of the Sun and millions of times more luminous. Their short lives ended in enormous explosions called supernovae, so they had neither the

Topics: astronomers formed hydrogen star stars

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Healthcare Services Group data breach impacts 624,000 people

bleepingcomputer.com Unknown 2025-10-29 06:27:36

The Healthcare Services Group (HSGI) is alerting more than 600,000 individuals that their personal information was exposed in a security breach last year. The healthcare services provider stated that it detected unauthorized access to its network on October 7, 2024, and subsequently discovered that the intrusion had begun on September 27. The investigation that followed revealed that the intruders had exfiltrated data from the systems they had accessed. “The investigation determined that an u

Topics: data healthcare hsgi information services

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The Oura Ring is the Department of Defense's not-so-secret weapon

zdnet.com Nina Raemont 2025-10-29 06:00:25

Nina Raemont/ZDNET Follow ZDNET: Add us as a preferred source on Google. ZDNET's key takeaways Oura is opening a facility in Texas to serve the Department of Defense. This facility will open next year. Oura Rings will continue to be used in several research studies that enhance soldier performance. Wearables were once confined to fitness trackers that counted steps. Today, the devices are crucial research tools for the Department of Defense. Smart ring maker Oura is opening a manufacturin

Topics: department health oura performance research

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Bluesky now platform of choice for science community

news.ycombinator.com Unknown 2025-10-29 06:28:45

Shiffman, the author of Why Sharks Matter, described early Twitter recently on the blog Southern Fried Science as "the world's most interesting cocktail party." "Then it stopped being useful," Shiffman told Ars. "I was worried for a while that this incredibly powerful way of changing the world using expertise was gone. It's not gone. It just moved. It's a little different now, and it's not as powerful as it was, but it's not gone. It was for me personally, immensely reassuring that so many othe

Topics: just people platform shiffman wester

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The Top Diseases We Choose to Stay Ignorant About, According to Scientists

gizmodo.com Margherita Bassi 2025-10-29 06:55:15

The old adage “ignorance is bliss” feels especially fitting when it comes to healthcare. In fact, new research reveals that one in three people avoids—or is likely to avoid—medical information. In a study published in the Annals of Behavioral Medicine earlier this month, researchers investigated data from 92 studies involving 564,497 participants from 25 countries. Despite the fact that successful treatment often depends on early detection, their results indicate that many people are reluctant

Topics: avoidance health information medical people

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Bluesky now platform of choice for science community

arstechnica.com Unknown 2025-10-29 06:11:02

Shiffman, the author of Why Sharks Matter, described early Twitter recently on the blog Southern Fried Science as "the world's most interesting cocktail party." "Then it stopped being useful," Shiffman told Ars. "I was worried for a while that this incredibly powerful way of changing the world using expertise was gone. It's not gone. It just moved. It's a little different now, and it's not as powerful as it was, but it's not gone. It was for me personally, immensely reassuring that so many othe

Topics: just people platform shiffman wester

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Scientist exposes anti-wind groups as oil-funded. Now they want to silence him

news.ycombinator.com Jameson Dow 2025-10-29 14:49:23

Image: Empire Wind Oil-funded groups are engaging in strategic harassment to stop scientists from revealing the nature of their politically-linked disinformation networks – in what should be a surprise to nobody. A new report came out last week from the Climate & Development Lab (CDL) at Brown University, titled “Legal Entanglements: Mapping Connections of Anti-Offshore Wind Groups and their Lawyers in the Eastern United States.” The study focuses on several examples of law firms with connect

Topics: disinformation fossil groups power wind

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LiteLLM (YC W23) is hiring a back end engineer

news.ycombinator.com Unknown 2025-10-30 01:00:46

TLDR LiteLLM is an open-source LLM Gateway with 27K+ stars on GitHub and trusted by companies like NASA, Rocket Money, Samsara, Lemonade, and Adobe. We’re rapidly expanding and seeking a founding full-stack engineer to help scale the platform. We’re based in San Francisco. What is LiteLLM LiteLLM provides an open source Python SDK and Python FastAPI Server that allows calling 100+ LLM APIs (Bedrock, Azure, OpenAI, VertexAI, Cohere, Anthropic) in the OpenAI format We have raised a $1.6M seed

Topics: anthropic format litellm llm openai

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Whistleblower claims DOGE uploaded Social Security data to unsecure cloud server

engadget.com Unknown 2025-10-30 13:42:51

(Wesley Lapointe for The Washington Post via Getty Images) The Social Security Administration’s (SSA) chief data officer, Charles Borges, has filed a whistleblower complaint alleging that members of the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) uploaded a copy of a key Social Security database to an unsecured cloud environment in June, the New York Times reported. This may have exposed the personal information of hundreds of millions of Americans. The complaint alleges that under the authority

Topics: data doge information security social

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DOGE uploaded live copy of Social Security database to ‘vulnerable’ cloud server, says whistleblower

techcrunch.com Zack Whittaker 2025-10-30 17:30:30

A top Social Security Administration official turned whistleblower says members of the Trump administration’s Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) uploaded hundreds of millions of Social Security records to a vulnerable cloud server, putting the personal information of most Americans at risk of compromise. Charles Borges, the Social Security Administration’s chief data officer, said in a newly released whistleblower complaint published Tuesday that other top agency officials signed off on

Topics: agency data information security social

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Video platform Kick investigated over streamer's death

feeds.bbci.co.uk Unknown 2025-10-31 13:53:37

Video platform Kick investigated over streamer's death French prosecutors have opened an investigation into the Australian video platform Kick over the death of a content creator during a livestream. Raphaël Graven - also known as Jean Pormanove - was found dead in a residence near the city of Nice last week. He was known for videos in which he endured apparent violence and humiliation. The Paris prosecutor said the investigation would look into whether Kick "knowingly" broadcast "videos of

Topics: death graven kick known platform

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Apple @ Work Podcast: Device security vs identity management in the enterprise

9to5mac.com Bradley C 2025-10-31 21:00:00

Apple @ Work is exclusively brought to you by Mosyle, the only Apple Unified Platform. Mosyle is the only solution that integrates in a single professional-grade platform all the solutions necessary to seamlessly and automatically deploy, manage & protect Apple devices at work. Over 45,000 organizations trust Mosyle to make millions of Apple devices work-ready with no effort and at an affordable cost. Request your EXTENDED TRIAL today and understand why Mosyle is everything you need to work with

Topics: apple devices mosyle platform work

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How to stop AI agents going rogue

feeds.bbci.co.uk Unknown 2025-10-31 22:59:49

How to stop AI agents going rogue 1 hour ago Share Save Sean McManus Technology Reporter Share Save Getty Images Anthropic tested a range of leading AI models for potential risky behaviour Disturbing results emerged earlier this year, when AI developer Anthropic tested leading AI models to see if they engaged in risky behaviour when using sensitive information. Anthropic's own AI, Claude, was among those tested. When given access to an email account it discovered that a company executive was

Topics: agent agents ai information security

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Senator castigates federal judiciary for ignoring “basic cybersecurity”

arstechnica.com Unknown 2025-11-01 12:58:07

US Senator Ron Wyden accused the federal judiciary of “negligence and incompetence” following a recent hack, reportedly by hackers with ties to the Russian government, that exposed confidential court documents. The breach of the judiciary’s electronic case filing system first came to light in a report by Politico three weeks ago, which went on to say that the vulnerabilities exploited in the hack were known since 2020. The New York Times, citing people familiar with the intrusion, said that Rus

Topics: documents federal information judiciary national

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Elon Musk Settles Case With Former Twitter Employees Who Were Purged

gizmodo.com Lucas Ropek 2025-11-03 00:25:47

Elon Musk’s X (formerly Twitter) has reportedly reached a legal settlement with former Twitter workers who sued the platform after the billionaire bought it and fired them all. The settlements come after a longstanding effort by the platform to resist any sort of payout. Most of us remember the shock and awe of 2022, when Musk, the world’s richest man, decided he had to own one of the internet’s most popular websites. Elon’s hostile takeover of the Bird app led to much rancor within the organiz

Topics: company musk platform settlement twitter

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You can customize your NotebookLM Audio Overview outputs in-app now - here's how

zdnet.com Webb Wright 2025-11-03 10:43:44

peshkov/iStock/Getty Images Plus via Getty Images Follow ZDNET: Add us as a preferred source on Google. ZDNET's key takeaways: The NotebookLM app now offers new customization options. The platform is positioned as an AI-powered research assistant. More updates can be expected soon, according to the platform. The NotebookLM mobile app just got a little more customizable. You can now specify more elements within the Google-owned platform's Audio Overview tool, which debuted in September of

Topics: ai audio google notebooklm platform

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The two versions of Parquet

news.ycombinator.com Jerónimo López 2025-10-30 14:34:32

A few days ago, the creators of DuckDB wrote the article: Query Engines: Gatekeepers of the Parquet File Format, which explained how the engines that process Parquet files as SQL tables are blocking the evolution of the format. This is because those engines are not fully supporting the latest specification, and without this support, the rest of the ecosystem has no incentive to adopt it. In my experience, this issue is not limited to Query Engines but extends to the tools within the ecosystem.

Topics: format improvement mb parquet version

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How to Fix Your Context

news.ycombinator.com Drew Breunig 2025-11-03 02:09:53

Mitigating & Avoiding Context Failures Following up on our earlier post, “How Long Contexts Fail”, let’s run through the ways we can mitigate or avoid these failures entirely. But before we do, let’s briefly recap some of the ways long contexts can fail: Context Poisoning: When a hallucination or other error makes it into the context, where it is repeatedly referenced. When a hallucination or other error makes it into the context, where it is repeatedly referenced. Context Distraction: When

Topics: agent context information tool tools

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This $5,000 gaming rig blew me away

androidauthority.com Unknown 2025-11-02 23:30:48

Alienware Area-51 Gaming Desktop The Alienware Area 51 is the ultimate pre-built gaming PC for anyone who wants top-tier performance without the headaches of building their own. It’s pricey and massive, but if you’ve got the space and budget, it delivers a plug-and-play experience that’s both powerful and future-proof. Don’t get me wrong, building a PC from scratch is fun. I’ve built over five computers at this point, and each one has taught me something new. But not everyone wants to go throug

Topics: 51 alienware area pc performance

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Top Secret: Automatically filter sensitive information

news.ycombinator.com Unknown 2025-11-02 18:48:29

We’ve written about how to prevent logging sensitive information when making network requests, but that approach only works if you’re dealing with parameters. What happens when you’re dealing with free text? Filtering the entire string may not be an option if an external API needs to process the value. Think chatbots or LLMs. You could use a regex to filter sensitive information (such as credit card numbers or emails), but that won’t capture everything, since not all sensitive information can

Topics: filter information mapping result text

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Apple drags ex-Apple Watch engineer to court over Oppo trade secret leak

9to5mac.com Marcus Mendes 2025-11-04 00:15:14

Every now and then, we hear about Apple going after ex-employees who allegedly try to take trade secrets with them when they get hired by the competition. That’s the case with Chen Shi, a former Sensor System Architect for the Apple Watch team. Here are the details. According to Apple’s claim, Shi worked at the company from January 2020 until a couple of months ago, when he left to go work for Oppo, a Chinese company that also makes phones and wearables, like the Oppo Watch. Apple says that in

Topics: apple company information oppo shi

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Does MHz Still Matter?

news.ycombinator.com Unknown 2025-11-04 06:47:05

Does MHz still matter? Furkan Sahin Senior Software Engineer To provide VMs of any size, we slice bare metal into smaller VMs, sometimes even 1 vCPU. So, the performance of one fast core matters a lot. We evaluated new servers from Hetzner with AMD EPYC and Ryzen CPUs to add to our fleet. Ryzen is a CPU from AMD’s gaming line-up and it has better single core performance numbers compared to the EPYC which is a standard datacenter CPU. We weren’t sure if Ryzen’s single core edge would show up in

Topics: core cpu performance ryzen single

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DaVita says ransomware gang stole data of nearly 2.7 million people

bleepingcomputer.com Unknown 2025-11-05 18:38:14

Kidney dialysis firm DaVita has confirmed that a ransomware gang that breached its network stole the personal and health information of nearly 2.7 million individuals. DaVita serves over 265,400 patients across 3,113 outpatient dialysis centers, 2,660 in the United States, and 453 centers in 13 other countries worldwide. The company reported revenues of over $12 billion in 2024 and of $3.3 billion for the second quarter of 2025. In April, the healthcare provider revealed in a filing with the U

Topics: data davita dialysis health information

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Code formatting comes to uv experimentally

news.ycombinator.com Unknown 2025-11-05 09:26:44

August 21, 2025 The latest uv release (0.8.13) quietly introduced an experimental new command that Python developers have been waiting for: uv format . This addition brings code formatting directly into uv’s toolkit, eliminating the need to juggle multiple tools for basic Python development workflows. What is uv format? The uv format command provides Python code formatting through uv’s interface. Under the hood, it calls Ruff’s formatter to automatically style your code according to consisten

Topics: format formatting python ruff uv

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Uv format: Code Formatting Comes to uv (experimentally)

news.ycombinator.com Unknown 2025-11-06 15:26:44

August 21, 2025 The latest uv release (0.8.13) quietly introduced an experimental new command that Python developers have been waiting for: uv format . This addition brings code formatting directly into uv’s toolkit, eliminating the need to juggle multiple tools for basic Python development workflows. What is uv format? The uv format command provides Python code formatting through uv’s interface. Under the hood, it calls Ruff’s formatter to automatically style your code according to consisten

Topics: format formatting python ruff uv

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Apple TV+ subscriptions just rose to $13 a month

engadget.com Unknown 2025-11-07 15:05:16

Apple is once again raising the price of its streaming service. Apple TV+ is shooting up to $13 per month, from $10 per month. This is effective immediately. Current subscribers will see the price change 30 days after the next renewal date. There's one spot of good news here. The pricing for the yearly subscription remains unchanged, as does the cost of an Apple One bundle. Many platforms start cheap before slowly turning the heat up, using the drug dealer method of salesmanship. However, Appl

Topics: apple month platform price year

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Project to formalise a proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem in the Lean theorem prover

news.ycombinator.com Unknown 2025-11-08 08:27:25

Fermat’s Last Theorem An ongoing multi-author open source project to formalise a proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem in the Lean theorem prover. Information about the project The project is currently being led by Kevin Buzzard. It is funded by grant EP/Y022904/1, awarded by the UK’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. The project is hosted at Imperial College London. Kevin would like to extend many many thanks to both of these institutions for their ongoing support of this nonstand

Topics: fermat information kevin project theorem

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AI website builder Lovable increasingly abused for malicious activity

bleepingcomputer.com Unknown 2025-11-09 00:11:05

Cybercriminals are increasingly abusing the AI-powered Lovable website creation and hosting platform to generate phishing pages, malware-dropping portals, and various fraudulent websites. The malicious sites created through the platform impersonate large and recognizable brands, and feature traffic filtering systems like CAPTCHA to keep bots out. While Lovable has taken steps to better protect its platform from abuse, as AI-powered site generators increase in number, the barrier to entering cy

Topics: lovable phishing platform site sites

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Do Large Language Models Dream of AI Agents?

wired.com Will Knight 2025-11-09 20:00:00

During sleep, the human brain sorts through different memories, consolidating important ones while discarding those that don’t matter. What if AI could do the same? Bilt, a company that offers local shopping and restaurant deals to renters, recently deployed several million agents with the hopes of doing just that. Bilt uses technology from a startup called Letta that allows agents to learn from previous conversations and share memories with one another. Using a process called “sleeptime compu

Topics: agents ai context information memory

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Latest Tech News

Using information theory to solve Mastermind

The first stars may not have been as uniformly massive as we thought

Healthcare Services Group data breach impacts 624,000 people

The Oura Ring is the Department of Defense's not-so-secret weapon

Bluesky now platform of choice for science community

The Top Diseases We Choose to Stay Ignorant About, According to Scientists

Bluesky now platform of choice for science community

Scientist exposes anti-wind groups as oil-funded. Now they want to silence him

LiteLLM (YC W23) is hiring a back end engineer

Whistleblower claims DOGE uploaded Social Security data to unsecure cloud server

DOGE uploaded live copy of Social Security database to ‘vulnerable’ cloud server, says whistleblower

Video platform Kick investigated over streamer's death

Apple @ Work Podcast: Device security vs identity management in the enterprise

How to stop AI agents going rogue

Senator castigates federal judiciary for ignoring “basic cybersecurity”

Elon Musk Settles Case With Former Twitter Employees Who Were Purged

You can customize your NotebookLM Audio Overview outputs in-app now - here's how

The two versions of Parquet

How to Fix Your Context

This $5,000 gaming rig blew me away

Top Secret: Automatically filter sensitive information

Apple drags ex-Apple Watch engineer to court over Oppo trade secret leak

Does MHz Still Matter?

DaVita says ransomware gang stole data of nearly 2.7 million people

Code formatting comes to uv experimentally

Uv format: Code Formatting Comes to uv (experimentally)

Apple TV+ subscriptions just rose to $13 a month

Project to formalise a proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem in the Lean theorem prover

AI website builder Lovable increasingly abused for malicious activity

Do Large Language Models Dream of AI Agents?

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