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Researchers studying zebrafish (referred to in the methods as D. cerebrum) examined how neurons detect social actions of other fish to coordinate group escape responses. The work combined behavioural tracking with brain imaging using a transgenic calcium-indicator line, observing fish from larval stages through adulthood in controlled lab conditions.
Researchers at KAIST demonstrated a quadruped robot, Raibo2, running the full 42.195km marathon distance in 4 hours, 19 minutes and 52 seconds without recharging or swapping its battery. The team says this is the first time a legged robot has completed a marathon-length run on one charge, achieved through energy-efficient mechanical design and a learned control policy for locomotion.
Researchers studied how cancer cells repair DNA breaks that occur at TA-repeat sequences within extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), circular fragments that often carry amplified oncogenes like MYC. Using cell lines including COLO320DM, HeLa-derived clones and engineered mouse neural stem cells, the team found that a repair mechanism called microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) helps preserve these ecDNA elements and the growth advantage they give cancer cells.
A multi-institution research effort combined brain tissue samples from the Mount Sinai NIH Neurobiobank, the NIMH-IRP Human Brain Collection Core, and the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center to create a harmonized dataset spanning over 1,400 samples. The team standardized clinical measures such as neuritic plaque density (CERAD scores) and cognitive impairment ratings across the different cohorts, alongside demographic and technical variables like age, sex, ancestry and postmortem interval, to enable consistent single-cell transcriptomic analysis of brain disorders.
Scientists at EPFL used mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) alongside liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and single-nucleus RNA sequencing to catalog lipid molecules across coronal brain sections from adult mice. The study included comparisons between male and female mice, as well as pregnant females, sampling six specific brain regions to examine how lipid composition varies by sex and physiological state.
Researchers using Drosophila melanogaster generated a new fly line, Lsp2-muGFP, via CRISPR-Cas9 to track the storage protein Lsp2, alongside RNAi knockdown lines targeting Lsp2 and related genes. The experiments used tissue-specific and stage-specific gene drivers to study how larval nutrition influences protein translation and lifespan in adult flies.
Researchers studying Drosophila found that mutating the Lsp2 gene altered translation of TOP mRNAs, particularly those encoding ribosomal proteins, and changed ribosomal subunit ratios and lifespan compared to control flies. They further showed that removing the translational repressor 4E-BP (Thor) shifted how dietary protein levels affect lifespan, without changing mTORC1 activity or overall protein synthesis rates, indicating a specific rather than general translational effect.
Researchers describe laboratory methods used to study TRAM (Ticam2), a signaling adaptor, showing it can promote myddosome formation without direct involvement of Toll-like receptors. The work used immortalized and primary bone-marrow-derived macrophages from wild-type and Ticam2-knockout mice, alongside HEK293T cells, treated with bacterial components such as LPS, LTA and Pam2CSK4 to probe the pathway.
Scientists used chemical vapor deposition to grow atomically aligned 1H-stacked bilayers of molybdenum disulfide, a two-dimensional semiconductor. Unlike conventional bilayer MoS2, which typically shifts to an indirect band gap, this stacking arrangement preserves a direct band gap and shows stronger light emission and valley polarization than standard bilayers, according to the study published in Nature.
Researchers combined century-long river chemistry records, reconstructed acidity and alkalinity inputs, and reactive transport modeling to assess whether agricultural liming in the Mississippi River Basin has released or absorbed CO2 over time. Using discharge and alkalinity data, historic Ca/Mg/SO4/nitrate measurements, and a model called SCEPTER, they built a spatial budget comparing acid inputs from fertilizer, manure and atmospheric deposition against alkalinity from lime application.
Researchers analyzed prefrontal cortex tissue from 284 neurotypical donors aged 0 to 97, drawn from the NIMH HBCC and Mount Sinai NIH Neurobiobank collections, to build a single-cell transcriptomic atlas. Donors were screened using neuropathology criteria such as CERAD and Braak scores to exclude Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and cognitive impairment, and were grouped into developmental, young, middle and late adulthood categories.
Scientists studying a rhombohedral graphene device mapped two distinct electronic phases—an anomalous metal (AM) state and a superconducting (SC) state—by measuring resistance across varying gate voltages, magnetic fields, temperatures and currents. Using multiple voltage probe pairs on a second device, they found the SC and AM regions occupy consistent boundaries in the phase diagram, matching results from an earlier primary device, though the absolute resistance values differed between contact pairs.